Short Definition

Redispatch 2.0 refers to the German procedure for proactively preventing and resolving grid congestion. For this purpose, grid operators temporarily adjust the active power of generation plants and electricity storage systems.

Redispatch 2.0 at a glance

• Redispatch 2.0 is used for grid congestion management and is not a voluntary market product such as balancing energy.
• As a general rule, its statutory scope includes generation and storage installations with a nominal capacity of 100 kW or more, as well as smaller installations if they can be remotely controlled by a grid operator at any time.
• Grid operators plan measures based on forecasts, grid status data and information about installations and their planned operation.
• Reliable implementation requires controllable installations, clearly defined setpoints, suitable measurements and robust communication channels.
• Since 2026, the requirements for energy balancing, data provision and market communication have been consolidated and further developed under BilAReM.

How does Redispatch 2.0 work?

Based on generation, consumption and grid forecasts, grid operators calculate expected power flows. If these calculations indicate a potential overload, the grid operators involved determine suitable countermeasures.

In simplified terms, the technical and procedural sequence can be described as follows:

1. Installation data, forecasts and planning data are provided.
2. Grid operators calculate the expected power flows and potential congestion.
3. Suitable controllable resources are selected for a redispatch measure.
4. The redispatch activation request is transmitted to the responsible party.
5. The requested power adjustment is implemented at the affected resource.
6. Measurements and feedback document the resource’s actual response.
7. The energy volume caused by the redispatch measure is determined.
8. Energy balancing and financial settlement are subsequently performed in accordance with the applicable process.

Negative redispatch refers to a reduction in active power generation or an increase in active power consumption. For a PV plant, this may involve reducing the amount of power fed into the grid. For a BESS, increasing the charging power can also constitute negative redispatch.

Conversely, positive redispatch refers to an increase in active power generation or a reduction in active power consumption. For a BESS, this can be implemented, for example, by increasing the discharge power or reducing the charging power. In each case, the agreed reference direction is decisive.

Which roles are involved?

Redispatch involves the grid operator, the party responsible for implementing dispatch instructions, and the operator of the affected installation. The exact role names and responsibilities depend on the applicable market rules and contractual arrangements.

The grid operator identifies the need for an adjustment and issues instructions to change active power generation or consumption. Depending on the control arrangement, these instructions are implemented by the responsible party or executed through direct remote control. Direct control requires appropriate technical access and authorisation.

The party responsible for implementing dispatch instructions coordinates the required control actions. This function may be performed by the plant operator, an aggregator, an energy trader, or another appointed service provider. Trading or supplying electricity does not automatically imply responsibility for implementing dispatch instructions.

The technical operator is responsible for operating and maintaining the installation. Responsibilities for providing master data, operational measurements, planning information, and settlement data are allocated according to the applicable rules and agreements. They do not necessarily rest with a single party.

The plant operator may carry out these functions itself or appoint suitable service providers. Delegating individual tasks does not automatically transfer all responsibilities associated with operating the installation.

Energy balancing and financial settlement

Following a redispatch measure, the resulting change in energy generation, consumption or grid feed-in is determined. This requires comparing actual operation with a reference representing expected operation without redispatch. The applicable rules define how this reference is established and how the affected energy volume is calculated.

Energy balancing addresses the impact of the measure on scheduled energy volumes and imbalance settlement. Depending on the market framework, responsibility may lie with the grid operator, a balance responsible party or another designated participant. The relevant processes determine how energy adjustments are recorded, allocated and settled.

Financial settlement addresses the costs, lost revenues or other eligible financial effects of the measure. Depending on the applicable framework, compensation may be based on documented costs, regulated methods or accepted bids. Full compensation for every financial effect should not be assumed.

The calculation methods, data requirements, responsibilities and settlement deadlines vary between markets. For individual projects, the applicable market rules and contractual arrangements must therefore be checked.

Where is Redispatch 2.0 used?

Typical applications include:

• Curtailment of PV and wind power plants: Expected high feed-in within a constrained section of the grid is temporarily reduced.
• Increasing controllable generation: Plants located on the congestion-relieving side of a bottleneck increase their active power output.
• Integration of BESS: Depending on the grid situation, storage systems adjust their charging or discharging power.
• Control of hybrid sites: At sites comprising PV, BESS and consumers, the individual resources must be coordinated.
• Coordination across multiple grid levels: Distribution and transmission system operators coordinate measures if installations connected to a downstream grid can influence the congestion.

A redispatch activation request is generally assigned to a specific controllable resource. It should therefore not automatically be interpreted as a freely selectable setpoint for the entire grid connection point.

Controlling the net power flow at the grid connection point may be technically appropriate, for example at a hybrid site comprising PV, BESS and consumers. However, this must be explicitly provided for in the plant, metering and process architecture. It must be defined how a redispatch instruction relating to a specific resource is implemented and verified within the site.

Benefits, limitations and technical requirements

Redispatch enables grid congestion to be managed in a coordinated and, where possible, proactive manner. Incorporating decentralised installations can give grid operators access to a larger pool of technically suitable resources. Depending on the market framework, participation may be mandatory or organised through market-based arrangements.

Technical implementation may require:

• controllable active power of the affected resource
• compatible device interfaces
• clearly defined setpoints and sign conventions
• suitable measurement of plant power or power flow
• reliable information about availability and power limits
• defined communication channels between the systems and parties involved
• traceable feedback confirming setpoint acceptance and implementation
• coordinated responses to communication or device failures

The available response is limited by the installation’s operating conditions and technical capabilities. For BESS, these include charging and discharging limits, state of charge and usable energy. A requested power adjustment can therefore only be maintained for as long as sufficient flexibility is available.

Data requirements depend on the market rules, installation type and communication arrangements. Not every operational value necessarily needs to be transmitted continuously in real time. For BESS, information about usable energy and available power may be required to assess the magnitude and duration of a possible response. Update intervals and data quality requirements must be checked for the applicable framework.

BESS require particular attention. Setpoints may refer to grid feed-in, electricity consumption, charging or discharging power, or net power flow at a defined measurement point. State of charge, charging and discharging limits, ramp rates and reserved capacity must also be considered. Where charging and discharging are allocated to different market participants or balance responsible parties, the corresponding metering and settlement arrangements must be clearly defined.

Redispatch must also be distinguished from other forms of grid-related control, such as connection-level import limits or demand management for EV charging stations, heat pumps and BESS. These mechanisms may use similar technical interfaces but differ in their activation conditions, responsibilities and settlement rules. The precise distinction – and any overlap – depends on the applicable market framework.

Technical implementation with EcoPhi

EcoPhi can be used as a local technical communication and control layer between the PV plant, BESS, metering systems and the responsible external redispatch parties.

Depending on the project, the EMS can:

• collect operational, power and availability data
• receive external power requests
• translate setpoints and sign conventions into the local plant control logic
• validate requests against technical plant and operating limits
• transmit setpoints to compatible inverters or BESS
• coordinate multiple controllable devices within a site
• record the actual power response and provide corresponding feedback
• execute defined fallback responses in the event of communication failures

This requires compatible device interfaces, suitable measurements and a defined communication channel to the responsible grid operator, EIV, energy trader or another appointed party.

EcoPhi does not automatically assume the market roles of EIV or BTR and is not an independent redispatch market participant. The EMS also does not perform energy balancing or financial settlement. Instead, it provides the local technical control and communication layer within the project-specific process architecture.

Redispatch 2.0 summary

Redispatch supports grid congestion management by adjusting the operation of generation plants, BESS and, where permitted, flexible loads. The process can combine grid calculations, planning data, dispatch instructions, plant control, measurements, energy balancing and financial settlement.

For PV and BESS projects, clearly assigned responsibilities, defined power directions, suitable measurements and reliable communication channels are particularly important. Participation requirements, control arrangements and settlement processes vary between markets. The applicable rules and procedures must therefore be reviewed for each project.

Frequently Asked Questions

Is Redispatch 2.0 voluntary?

No. Redispatch 2.0 is a grid-related measure implemented by the responsible grid operator. Unlike balancing energy, the plant operator does not voluntarily offer the installation for activation.

Which installations are covered by Redispatch 2.0?

The scope of redispatch depends on the applicable market and regulatory framework. Participation requirements may differ according to installation type, capacity, grid connection level and remote-control capability. There is no universal capacity threshold that applies across all markets.

The capacity definition used to determine eligibility must also be checked. Nominal capacity, net capacity and connection capacity may refer to different technical quantities and should not be treated as interchangeable.

What is the difference between positive and negative redispatch?

Negative redispatch reduces active power generation or increases active power consumption. Positive redispatch increases active power generation or reduces active power consumption. For storage systems, both charging and discharging processes may therefore be affected.

Can BESS be used for Redispatch 2.0?

Yes. For storage systems, redispatch can affect both active power feed-in and active power consumption. The controllable resource, power direction, market locations, operating limits and measurements must be clearly defined.